To specify a dns server for nslookup you can type:
server nameserver.domain.com
at the prompt.
Basic queries of the name server can be done by typing the domain address at
the prompt.
Attached is a formatted man page from a nearby unix machine.
Jim
-----Original Message-----
From: HP-3000 Systems Discussion [mailto:[log in to unmask]]On
Behalf Of F. Alfredo Rego
Sent: Monday, June 11, 2001 10:53 AM
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: Re: [HP3000-L] HOST.NET.SYS verify it works
At 12:20 PM -0700 6/9/01, Mark Bixby <[log in to unmask]> wrote:
>Nslookup has existed in FOS since 6.0:
>
>/BIND/PUB/bin/nslookup
Great. Any hints regarding HOW to coax it into working?
Specifically, I would like to point it to my DNS machine
(which is NOT the hp3000). I would assume this is a good
first step. Then, once nslookup has a DNS handy, I would
assume I can start asking it questions about name resolutions.
I am accustomed to the easy-to-use Internet tools on the Mac,
but after reading Mark's post I became curious about using
the tools on the hp3000.
My first try involved asking nslookup for help. Perhaps I
gave up too soon after just two attempts. At least, it
understood "exit":
:/BIND/PUB/bin/nslookup
Default Server: dev918
Address: 0.0.0.0
> help
Unknown terminal "".
> ?
Unknown terminal "".
> exit
My second try involved man:
:sh.hpbin.sys
$ man nslookup
No manual entry for "nslookup".
$
What am I missing? As one of my physics professors used to say,
"one must know everything before one is able to do anything".
Fortunately, Mark knows everything Posix on the hp3000.
Thanks,
_______________
| |
| |
| r | Alfredo [log in to unmask]
| e | http://www.adager.com
| g | F. Alfredo Rego
| a | Manager, R & D Labs
| d | Adager Corporation
| A | Sun Valley, Idaho 83353-3000 U.S.A.
| |
|_______________|
* To join/leave the list, search archives, change list settings, *
* etc., please visit http://raven.utc.edu/archives/hp3000-l.html *
Maintenance Commands nslookup(1M)
NAME
nslookup - query name servers interactively
SYNOPSIS
nslookup [ - option ]... host [ server ]
nslookup [ - option ]... - [ server ]
nslookup
DESCRIPTION
nslookup sends queries to Internet domain name servers. It
has two modes: interactive and non-interactive. Interactive
mode allows the user to contact servers for information
about various hosts and domains or to display a list of
hosts in a domain. Non-interactive mode is used to display
just the name and requested information for a host or
domain.
OPTIONS
-option Set the permissible options, as shown in the fol-
lowing list. These are the same options that the
set command supports in interactive mode (see set
in the Commands section for more complete descrip-
tions).
all List the current settings
class=classname Restrict search according to the
specified class
d2 Set exhaustive debug mode on
nod2 Set exhaustive debug mode off
debug Set debug mode on
nodebug Set debug mode off
defname Set domain-appending mode on
nodefname Set domain-appending mode off
domain=string Establish the appendable domain
ignoretc Set it to ignore packet truncation
errors
noignoretc Set it to acknowledge packet trun-
cation errors
OPERANDS
host Inquires about the specified host. In this non-
interactive command format, nslookup Does not prompt
for additional commands.
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Maintenance Commands nslookup(1M)
- Causes nslookup to prompt for more information, such
as host names, before sending one or more queries.
server Directs inquiries to the name server specified here
in the command line rather than the one read from
the /etc/resolv.conf file (see resolv.conf(4)).
server can be either a name or an Internet address.
If the specified host cannot be reached, nslookup
resorts to using the name server specified in
/etc/resolv.conf.
USAGE
Non-interactive Mode
Non-interactive mode is selected when the name or Internet
address of the host to be looked up is given as the first
argument.
Within non-interactive mode, space-separated options can be
specified. They must be entered before the host name, to be
queried. Each option must be prefixed with a hyphen.
For example, to request extensive host information and to
set the timeout to 10 seconds when inquiring about gypsy,
enter:
example% nslookup -query=hinfo -timeout=10 gypsy
To avoid repeated entry of an option that you almost always
use, place a corresponding set command in a .nslookuprc file
located inside your home directory. (See Commands for more
information about set.) The .nslookuprc file can contain
several set commands if each is followed by a RETURN.
Entering and Leaving Interactive Mode
Interactive mode is selected when
o No arguments are supplied.
o A `-' (hyphen) character is supplied as the host argu-
ment.
To exit from an interactive nslookup session, type Control-d
or type the command exit followed by RETURN.
Supported Command Interactions
The commands associated with interactive mode are subject to
various limitations and run-time conventions.
The maximum length of a command line is 255 characters. When
the RETURN key is pressed, command-line execution begins.
While a command is running, its execution can be interrupted
by typing Control-c.
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Maintenance Commands nslookup(1M)
The first word entered on the command line must be the name
of a nslookup command unless you wish to enter the name of a
host to inquire about. Any unrecognized command is handled
as a host name to inquire about. To force a command to be
treated as a host name to be inquired about, precede it with
a backslash character.
Commands
exit Exit the nslookup program.
help
? Display a brief summary of commands.
host [ server ] Look up information for host using the
current default server, or using server if
it is specified.
If the host supplied is an Internet address
and the query type is A or PTR, the name of
the host is returned. If the host supplied
is a name and it does not have a trailing
period, the default domain name is appended
to the name. (This behavior depends on the
state of the set options domain, srchlist,
defname, and search).
To look up a host that is not in the current
domain, append a period to the name.
finger [ name ] [ >> filename ]
Connect with the finger server on the
current host, which is defined by the most
recent successful host lookup.
If no name value is specified, a list of
login account names on the current host is
generated.
Similar to a shell command interpreter, out-
put can be redirected to a file using the
usual redirection symbols: > and >>.
ls [ -options ] domain [ >> filename ]
List the information available for domain,
optionally creating or appending to
filename. The default output contains host
names and their Internet addresses.
Output can be redirected to filename using
the > and >> redirection symbols. When out-
put is directed to a file, hash marks are
shown for every 50 records received from the
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Maintenance Commands nslookup(1M)
server. The permissible values for options
are:
a Lists aliases of hosts in the domain.
This is a synonym for the command
ls -t CNAME.
d Lists all records for the domain. This
is a synonym for the command ls -t ANY.
h Lists CPU and operating system informa-
tion for the domain. This is a synonym
for the command ls -t HINFO.
s Lists well-known services of hosts in
the domain. This is a synonym for the
command ls -t WKS.
t querytype-value
lists all records of the specified type
(see querytype within the discussion of
the set command).
set token=value
set keyword Establish a preferred mode of search opera-
tion. Permissible token and keyword values
are:
all Display the current values of
frequently-used options. Information
about the current default server and
host is also displayed.
cl[ass]=classname
Limit the search according to the pro-
tocol group (classname) for which
lookup information is desired.
Permissible classname values are:
ANY A wildcard selecting all
classes
IN The Internet class (the
default)
CHAOS The Chaos class.
HESIOD The MIT Athena Hesiod class.
d2
nod2 Enable or disable exhaustive debugging
mode. Essentially all fields of every
packet are displayed. By default, this
option is disabled.
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Maintenance Commands nslookup(1M)
deb[ug]
nodeb[ug]
Enable or disable debugging mode. When
debugging mode is enabled, much more
information is produced about the
packet sent to the server and the
resulting answer. By default, this
option is disabled.
def[name]
nodef[name]
Enable or disable appending the default
domain name to a single-component
lookup request (one that lacks a dot).
By default, this option is enabled for
nslookup. The default value for the
domain name is the value given in
/etc/resolv.conf, unless: there is an
environmental value for LOCALDOMAIN
when nslookup is run; a recent value
has been specified through the srchlist
command or the set domain command.
do[main]=string
Change the default domain name to be
appended to all lookup requests to
string. For this option to have any
effect, the defname option must also be
enabled and the search option must be
set in a compatible way.
The domain search list contains the
parents of the default domain if it has
at least two components in its name.
For example, if the default domain is
CC.Berkeley.EDU, the search list is
CC.Berkeley.EDU and Berkeley.EDU. Use
the set srchlist command to specify a
different list. Use the set all com-
mand to display the list.
ignoretc
noignoretc
Ignore packet truncation errors. By
default, this option is disabled.
srch[list]=name1/name2/...
Change the default domain name to name1 and
the domain search list to name1, name2, etc.
A maximum of 6 names can be specified, along
with slash characters to separate them. For
example,
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Maintenance Commands nslookup(1M)
example%
set srchlist=lcs.MIT.EDU/ai.MIT.EDU/MIT.EDU
sets the domain to lcs.MIT.EDU and the
search list to all three names. This com-
mand overrides the default domain name and
search list of the set domain command. Use
the set all command to display the list.
search
nosearch Enable or disable having the domain names in
the domain search list appended to the
request, generating a series of lookup
queries if necessary until an answer is
received. To take effect, the lookup
request must contain at least one dot
(period); yet it must not contain a trailing
period. By default, this option is enabled.
po[rt]=value Specify the default TCP/UDP name server
port. By default, this value is 53.
q[uerytype]=value
ty[pe]=value
Change the type of information returned from
a query to one of:
A The Internet address of the host
CNAME The canonical name for an alias
HINFO The host CPU and operating sys-
tem type
MD The mail destination
MX The mail exchanger
MB The mailbox domain name
MG The mail group member
MINFO The mailbox or mail list infor-
mation
NS The name server
PTR The host name if the query is in
the form of an Internet address;
otherwise the pointer to other
information
SOA The domain's start-of-authority
information
TXT The text information
UINFO The user information
WKS The supported well-known ser-
vices
(Other types specified in the RFC 1035 docu-
ment are valid, but they are not as useful.)
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Maintenance Commands nslookup(1M)
recurse
norecurse Enable or disable having to query other name
servers before abandoning a search. By
default, this feature is enabled.
ret[ry]=count Set the maximum number of times to retry a
request before abandoning a search. When a
reply to a request is not received within a
certain amount of time (changed with set
timeout), the timeout period is doubled and
the request is resent. The retry value con-
trols how many times a request is resent
before the request is aborted. The default
for count is 4.
ro[ot]=host Change the name of the root server to host.
This affects the root command. The default
root server is ns.internet.net.
t[timeout]=interval
Change the amount of time to wait for a
reply to interval seconds. Each retry dou-
bles the timeout period. The default inter-
val is 5 seconds.
vc
novc Enable or disable the use of a virtual cir-
cuit when sending requests to the server.
By default, this feature is disabled.
root Change the default server to the server for
the root of the domain name space.
Currently, the host ns.internic.net is used;
this command is a synonym for server
ns.internic.net. The name of the root
server can be changed with the set root com-
mand.
server domain
lserver domain Change the default server to domain.
lserver uses the initial server to look up
information about domain while server uses
the current default server. If an authori-
tative answer can not be found, the names of
servers that might have the answer are
returned.
view filename Sort the output of previous ls command(s)
and display it one text screenful at a time,
similar to more(1).
SunOS 5.6 Last change: 7 Jan 1997 7
Maintenance Commands nslookup(1M)
EXAMPLES
To effectively search the Internet domain namespace, it
helps to know its structure. At present, the Internet domain
name-space is tree-structured, with one top level domain for
each country except the U.S.A. There are also some tradi-
tional top level domains, not explicitly tied to any partic-
ular country. These include:
COM Commercial establishments
EDU Educational institutions
ORG Not-for-profit organizations
GOV Government agencies
MIL MILNET hosts
If you are looking for a specific host, you need to know
something about the host's organization in order to deter-
mine the top-level domain that it belongs to. For instance,
if you want to find the Internet address of a machine at
UCLA , do the following:
o Connect with the root server using the root command.
The root server of the name space has knowledge of
the top-level domains.
o Since UCLA is a university, its domain name is
ucla.edu. Connect with a server for the ucla.edu
domain with the command server ucla.edu. The
response produces the names of hosts that act as
servers for that domain. Note: the root server does
not have information about ucla.edu, but knows the
names and addresses of hosts that do. Once located
by the root server, all future queries will be sent
to the UCLA name server.
o To request information about a particular host in
the domain (for instance, locus), just type the host
name. To request a listing of hosts in the UCLA
domain, use the ls command. The ls command requires
a domain name (in this case, ucla.edu) as an argu-
ment.
If you are connected with a name server that handles more
than one domain, all lookups for host names must be fully
specified with its domain. For instance, the domain
harvard.edu is served by seismo.css.gov, which also services
the css.gov and cornell.edu domains. A lookup request for
the host aiken in the harvard.edu domain must be specified
as aiken.harvard.edu. However, the
set domain=name
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Maintenance Commands nslookup(1M)
and
set defname
commands can be used to automatically append a domain name
to each request.
After a successful lookup of a host, use the finger(1) com-
mand to see who is on the system, or to finger a specific
person. (finger requires the type to be A.)
To get other information about the host, use the
set querytype=value
command to change the type of information desired and
request another lookup.
ENVIRONMENT
HOSTALIASES References the file containing host
aliases
LOCALDOMAIN Overrides default domain
EXIT STATUS
The process returns the following values:
0 On success.
1 On failure.
FILES
/etc/resolv.conf initial domain name and name server
addresses
$HOME/.nslookuprc initial option commands
/usr/lib/nslookup.help
summary of commands
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attri-
butes:
__________________________________
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE| ATTRIBUTE VALUE|
|_______________|__________________|_
| Availability | SUNWcsu |
|_______________|_________________|
SEE ALSO
finger(1), more(1), in.named(1M), nstest(1M), resolver(3N),
resolv.conf(4), attributes(5)
Mockapetris, Paul, Domain Names - Concepts and Facilities,
RFC 1034, Network Information Center, SRI International,
SunOS 5.6 Last change: 7 Jan 1997 9
Maintenance Commands nslookup(1M)
Menlo Park, Calif., November 1987.
Mockapetris, Paul, Domain Names - Implementation and Specif-
ication, RFC 1035, Network Information Center, SRI Interna-
tional, Menlo Park, Calif., November 1987.
DIAGNOSTICS
If the lookup request is successful, an error message is
produced. Possible errors are:
Timed out The server did not respond to a request after
a certain amount of time (changed with set
timeout=value) and a certain number of
retries (changed with set retry=value).
No response from server
No name server is running on the server
machine.
No records The server does not have resource records of
the current query type for the host, although
the host name is valid. The query type is
specified with the set querytype command.
Non-existent domain
The host or domain name does not exist.
Connection refused
Network is unreachable
The connection to the name or finger server
can not be made at the current time. This
error commonly occurs with ls and finger
requests.
Server failure The name server found an internal incon-
sistency in its database and could not return
a valid answer.
Refused The name server refused to service the
request.
Format error The name server found that the request packet
was not in the proper format. This may indi-
cate an error in nslookup.
SunOS 5.6 Last change: 7 Jan 1997 10
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